Spirontocaris
lamellicornis (Dana,
1852)
Common name(s): Dana's blade shrimp, Dana's bladed shrimp
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Synonyms:
Hippolyte lamellicornis |
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Phylum Arthropoda
Subphylum Crustacea
Class Malacostraca
Subclass Eumalacostraca
Superorder Eucarida
Order Decapoda
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Spirontocaris lamellicornis,
captured from 60-100 m depth in San Juan Channel. |
(Photo by: Dave
Cowles, July 2010) |
Description:
As with all members
of family Hippolytidae, this shrimp has no exopodites
on its pereopods,
the carpus
of pereopod
2 is divided into 3-7 units, and it has a rostrum.
Like other members of genus Spirontocaris, this
species has two
or more supraorbital
spines (photo),
seven articles
in the carpus
of pereopod
2, plus the third maxilliped
has an exopod,
an epipod,
and a small chela.
In Spirontocaris lamellicornis the mid-dorsal carapace
teeth do not have small spines on their anterior margins (photo).
The third pereopod
has an epipodite.
The ventral margins of the pleura
of the first five abdominal segments are acute
or with a spine. The dactyls
of pereopods
3-5 have simple but curved tips. The rostrum is deep and
extends
beyond the peduncle
of the first antenna. The rostrum
has 9-23 dorsal teeth including 4-5 on the mid-dorsal carapace,
and 1-3 ventral teeth. Each segment of the peduncle
of the first antennae has a distal spine. The telson
has 4 pairs of dorsolateral spines and an acute
tip. Color pattern variable, often dark brown with pereopods
dark red to colorless. Tail fan is banded (photo),
may be milkish with fine red mottling, yellow and brown or black
spots.
Sixth abdominal segments often red to purple (photo).
Male to 4.2 cm long,
female to 6.3 cm.
Recently members of family Hippolytidae which have seven articles
in the carpus
of the 2nd pereopod
have been reassigned to family Thoridae.
How to Distinguish from
Similar Species:
Spirontocaris prionota has small spines on the
anterior margins
of its mid-dorsal carapace teeth. Spirontocaris
ochotensis,
S.
truncata, S. arcuata, S. spina,
and S. snyderi
have bifid tips on the dactyls of pereopods
3-5.
Geographical Range:
Bering
Sea to Santa Monica Bay, CA. Mostly north of Point
Conception, CA
but some have been found in canyons in Santa Monica Bay.
Depth Range:
Subtidal, 3-192 m.
Habitat:
Mostly on sand and mud,
some in rocky areas.
Biology/Natural History:
This species
is often found symbiotically with sea anemones including Cribrinopsis
fernaldi and Urticina columbiana.
In the Salish Sea
and coastal British Columbia the species is often infested by the
branchial
isopod Bopyroides
hippolytes.
References:
Dichotomous Keys:
Kozloff,
1987, 1996
Wicksten,
2009
General References:
Butler,
1980
Jensen,
1995
Lamb
and Hanby, 2005
Scientific Articles:
Web sites:
General Notes and
Observations: Locations,
abundances, unusual behaviors:
This is frozen specimen about 6 cm long.
Found by Hilary Lease near Friday Harbor.
This closer view of the carapace
and rostrum
shows how deep the rostrum
is and the large mid-dorsal teeth. A frozen individual.
The two supraorbital
spines are visible in this photograph. A
frozen individual.
The dactyls of pereopods 3-5 have simple but curved tips.
Photo of live individual by Dave Cowles, July 2010
The uropods
and telson
are often banded with lighter colors. A frozen
individual.
This photo of a live individual also shows the banded telson,
plus the red color of the sixth abdominal segment.
Authors and Editors of Page:
Dave Cowles (2009): Created original page
CSS coding for page developed by Jonathan Cowles (2007)
Rosario Invertebrates web site provided courtesy of Walla
Walla University
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