| 1a |
Carapace
smooth, and only a portion of it (shield)
calcified (picture);
basal portions of eyescales
not covered by the carapace,
visible from above (picture);
leg 4 subchelate
(picture); male with pleopods,
but these are unpaired |
2 |
| 1b |
Carapace
with dorsal spines, and almost all of it calicified; basal portions of
eyescales
covered by the carapace,
not visible from above; male without pleopods |
Labidochirus splendescens |
| 2a |
Abdomen
not coiled; uropods
symmetrical; in tubes of sabellariid or serpulid polychaetes, or in shells
of scaphopod molluscs (rarely shells of gastropod molluscs) |
3 |
| 2b |
Abdomen
coiled; uropods
asymmetrical (picture);
in shells of gastropods or in sponge masses |
4 |
| 3a |
Palm (propodus)
of right chela
wider at the level where the dactyl
and fixed claw originate than at its proximal end; right and left halves
of telson
partly separated by a groove; in shells of scaphopod molluscs; subtidal
off the open coast |
Orthopagurus minimus |
| 3b |
Palm of right chela
little if any wider at the level where the dactyl
and fixed claw originate than at its proximal end; right and left halves
of telson
not separated by a groove; almost always in tubes of sabellariid and serpulid
polychaetes (rarely in shells of gastropods); subtidal, but occurring in
inland waters as well as off the open coast |
Discorsopagurus schmitti |
| 4a |
Carpus
of right cheliped
at least slightly longer than wide (picture);
neither the carpus
nor the propodus
of the right cheliped
much flattened or with 1 or both margins thinned further; eyescales
without a deep median furrow (picture) |
5 |
| 4b |
Carpus
of right cheliped
as wide or wider than long; either the carpus
or propodus,
or both, much flattened and with 1 or both margins thinned further; eyescales
with a deep median furrow (photo) |
22 |
| 5a |
Dactyl
of legs 2 and 3 obviously twisted in relation to the propodus,
and with 2 reddish brown stripes (photo)(photo) |
6 |
| 5b |
Dactyl
of legs 2 and 3 not twisted in relation to the propodus,
and without stripes (picture) |
8 |
| 6a |
Dactyl
and propodus
of chelipeds
spiny dorsally and marginally, but with relatively few spines on the ventral
side |
Pagurus armatus |
| 6b |
Dactyl
and propodus
of chelipeds
with about as many tubercles
or small spines on the ventral surface as on the dorsal surface |
7 |
| 7a |
Dorsal surface of dactyl
of legs 2 and 3 with a single distinct longitudinal groove; merus
and carpus
of chelipeds
without an opalescent sheen |
Pagurus aleuticus |
| 7b |
Dorsal surface of dactyl
of legs 2 and 3 with longitudinal rows of small spines or tubercles,
these rows separated by 2 shallow, indistinct grooves; merus and carpus
of chelipeds
with an opalescent sheen |
Pagurus ochotensis |
| 8a |
Dorsal surface of palm (propodus)
of left chela
with a prominent ridge or crest near the midline, and with a distinct concavity
lateral to this; subtidal, and found only in deep water off the open coast |
9 |
| 8b |
Dorsal surface of palm of left chela
without a prominent ridge or crest near the midline (but there may be a
slight eminence) (picture),
and without a concavity; includes intertidal and subtidal species, some
of which occur in inland waters |
11 |
| 9a |
|
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| 9b |
|
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| 10a |
|
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| 10b |
|
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| 11a |
Ventral surface of merus
of right cheliped
with 1 or 2 prominent
tubercles (these are about twice as large as the other tubercles)
(picture);
includes intertidal and subtidal species |
12 |
| 11b |
Ventral surface of merus
of right cheliped
without prominent tubercles
(photo) strictly subtidal
species |
17 |
| 12a |
Ventral surface of merus
of right cheliped
with 2 prominent tubercles
(picture) |
13 |
| 12b |
Ventral surface of merus
of right cheliped
with only 1 prominent tubercle
(and in Pagurus
hirsutiusculus, a common intertidal species, this is often obscure) |
15 |
| 13a |
Ventrolateral surface of dactyl
and
propodus
of left leg 3 without spines or tubercles,
or the propodus
with only 1 or 2 spines on its distal portion; legs, including the chelipeds,
olive-green, with small blue dots |
Pagurus granosimanus |
| 13b |
Ventrolateral surface of dactyl
and propodus
of left leg 3 with 1 or more irregular rows of small spines or tubercles
(picture); color of
legs not olive-green with small blue dots |
14 |
| 14a |
Shield
of carapace
about as wide as long (picture);
chelae
with small spines rather than tubercles
or granules (picture);
dorsal surface of carpus
of left cheliped
with a single row of stout spines;
rostrum generally rounded (picture);
legs 2 and 3 with a red band at the articulation of the dactyl
and propodus
(picture);
not restricted to the open coast, but found only subtidally and in the
lowest part of the intertidal region |
Pagurus beringanus |
| 14b |
Shield
of carapace
decidedly longer than wide; chelae
with tubercles
or granules; dorsal surface of carpus
of left cheliped
with 2 rows of rather short spines; rostrumacute;
dactyl
of legs 2 and 3 bright blue [often a band, or a white band in juveniles];
restricted to the open coast, where it occurs intertidally |
Pagurus samuelis |
| 15a |
Chelae
with irregular rows of rather stout spines, these partly obscured by tufts
of long setae; antennae 2 reddish brown and without white spots or bands;
with a white band at the articulation of the propodus
and dactyl
of legs 2 and 3 |
Pagurus caurinus |
| 15b |
Chelae
with closely spaced tubercles
or granules, these often inconspicuous (scattered tufts of setae may also
be present); with or without white spots or bands on antennae 2; with or
without a light band at the articulation of the propodus
and dactyl
of legs 2 and 3 |
16 |
| 16a |
Ventral side of carpus
of right cheliped
greatly swollen; shield
of carapace
decidedly longer than wide; antennae 2 orange-red and without white spots
or bands; legs, on the whole, dark red with minute yellow spots, but without
a light band at the articulation of the propodus
and dactyl;
on the open coast, where it is restricted to the lowest part of the intertidal
region and the shallow subtidal region |
Pagurus hemphilli |
| 16b |
Ventral side of carpus
of right cheliped
not greatly swollen; shield
of carapace
about about as wide as long, or wider than long; antennae 2 largely green
with white spots or bands; legs greenish brown, legs 2 and 3 with white
or bluish bands at the articulation of the propodus
and dactyl;
on the open coast and in inland waters, mostly in the mid-intertidal region |
Pagurus hirsutiusculus |
| 17a |
Dactyl
of left chela
bowed to the extent that when it is closed against the fixed claw, there
is a prominent gap between them; eyescale
usually tipped with 2 to 5 spines |
Pagurus quaylei |
| 17b |
Dactyl
of left chela
not bowed to the extent that there is a prominent gap between it and the
fixed claw; eyescales
terminating in a single spine or merely acute |
18 |
| 18a |
Carpus
of left cheliped
about 3 times as long as wide, and usually appreciably longer than the
merus |
19 |
| 18b |
Carpus
of left cheliped
about 2 times as long as wide, and about the same length as the merus |
20 |
| 19a |
Carpus
of right cheliped
about twice as long as wide; left chela
more nearly triangular than elongate-ellipsoidal, and with a double row
of divergent spines on the eminence ner the midline of the dorsal surface
of the palm (propodus);
rostrum
not pronounced, with a blunt tip; distal part of the merus
of chelipeds
without a white band |
Pagurus stevensae |
| 19b |
Carpus
of right cheliped
about 1.5 times as long as wide; left chela
more nearly elongate-ellipsoidal than triangular, and with a single row
of large spines on the eminence near the midline of the dorsal surface
of the palm;
rostrum pronounced, triangular and sharp-tipped; distal part of the
merus
of the chelipeds
with a distinct white band |
Pagurus dalli |
| 20a |
Dorsal side of the base of the cornea
with a tuft of setae;
eyestalks (including the cornea)
about 5 times as long as wide; distal portion of the merus
of chelipeds
with a white band; antenna 2 with light and dark bands |
Pagurus kennerlyi |
| 20b |
Dorsal side of the base of the cornea
without a tuft of setae;
eyestalks (including the cornea)
generally not more than 4 times as long as wide; distal portion of the
merus
of chelipeds
without a white band; antenna 2 not banded |
21 |
| 21a |
|
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| 21b |
|
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| 22a |
Propodus
of right cheliped,
in dorsal view, slightly wider than the carpus;
dorsal surface of propodus
of right cheliped
roughened by tubercles
and spines; margins of merus
of legs (especially chelipeds)
bright grayish blue (elsewhere on the legs the color ranges from cream
to red) |
Elassochirus tenuimanus |
| 22b |
Propodus
of right cheliped,
in dorsal view, narrower than the carpus;
dorsal surface of propodus
of right cheliped
nearly smooth; prevailing coloration of legs orange to red, without grayish
blue on the margins of the merus |
23 |
| 23a |
Dorsal surface of carpus
of right cheliped
with 1 or more irregular rows of small spines; merus
and carpus
of chelipeds
with a lavender-purple area |
Elassochirus cavimanus |
| 23b |
Dorsal surface of carpus
of right cheliped
without small spines; chelipeds
rather uniformly orange to red |
Elassochirus gilli |
