Description:
Members of
suborder Dendronotacea do not have an anus on the dorsal
midline.
They have dorsal outgrowths besides the rhinophores,
consisting of branched cerata
or gills. The rhinophores
are solid (not rolled), pulpit shaped, and retractable into a cuplike
sheath.
Tochuina tetraquetra has a large, stout body with
white, plumose
gill tufts along the undulating dorsolateral margin all the way from
the
rhinophores
to the posterior tip. The anterior border of the oral
veil is white and crenulate
but does not have papillae.
The dorsum
is
orange or yellowish-orange with white-tipped tubercles.
The foot is salmon pink to yellow with a white margin. The rhinophores
have 6-10 short, vertical plumose proceesses encircling the main shaft
below the tip. Length to 30 cm and weight to 1.4 kg.
How to Distinguish from Similar Species: The combination of orange color and white plumose gills around the margin is unique. Of the other orange opisthobranchs in our area,Berthellina engeli is smooth and has rolled rhinophores, Acanthodoris lutea has a circle of gills around the dorsal anus and has many papillae and yellow specks, Triopha maculata has a circle of gills around the dorsal anus and several orange dorsal processes, Aldisia sanguinea and Rostanga pulchra have a circle of gills around the dorsal anus and is 2 cm or less long, Anisodoris nobilis has a circle of gills around the dorsal anus and has black spots, and Dendrodoris fulva and Doriopsilla albopunctata have tubercles with white tips but have a circle of gills around the dorsal anus. Geographical Range: Kuril Islands, USSR; Alaska to Malibu, CA Depth Range: Subtidal to 363 m Habitat: On rocks Biology/Natural
History: This uncommon
species feeds on hydroids, sea pens such as Ptilosarcus
gurneyi, and other Alcyonaceans such as the soft
coral Gersemia
rubiformis (photo).
In the Kuril Islands (Russia) this species is
eaten raw or cooked as "Tochni". This species is said to be
the world's
largest nudibranch.
References:Dichotomous Keys:Kozloff 1987, 1996 Smith and Carlton, 1975 General References:
Scientific
Articles:
Web sites: General Notes and Observations: Locations, abundances, unusual behaviors: This
larger view of the same individual as above shows pink patches of sea
strawberry, Gersemia
rubriformis, one of this species' preferred foods, around
the nudibranch. Authors and Editors of Page: Dave Cowles (2007): Created original page CSS coding for page developed by Jonathan Cowles (2007) |