Luidia foliolata Grube, 1866 

Common name(s): Spiny mudstar, Sandstar, Leafy flat star
Synonyms: Petalaster foliolata
Phylum Echinodermata
 Class Asteroidea
  Order Platyasterida
   Family Luidiidae
Luidia foliolata captured at 100 m depth by trawl in the San Juan channel
(Photo by: Dave Cowles, July 2000)
Description:  This fairly large asteroid has 5 rays and conspicuous marginal plates which are not visible from the aboral side.  Each plate has several spines.  The tube feet have no suckers (picture).  The ones I have found have been a dirty gray-brown color.  Up to 40 cm diameter

How to Distinguish from Similar Species: The only other stars with 5 rays and conspicuous marginal plates have marginal plates easily visible from above.  Mediaster aequalis has no spines on its marginal plates and has suckers on the tube feet.

Geographical Range: Southeast Alaska to San Diego, CA

Depth Range: 12 to 600 m

Habitat: Sand and mud, nearly always subtidal, often half buried.

Biology/Natural History: Pointed tube feet without suckers are common on seastars which live on sand instead of rocks.  This species seems very fragile--I have captured a number of specimens by otter trawl but all have been fragmented.  This star is reported to eat the sea cucumber Cucumaria miniata.

This species burrows.  It has a very leaky outer surface, and allows seawater fluids to pass readily through its surface.  However, it tends to be hyperosmotic.  It appears to make extensive use of seawater intake through its madreporite to maintain internal fluid balance (Ferguson, 1994).


 
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References:

Dichotomous Keys:
Flora and Fairbanks, 1966
Kozloff 1987, 1996
 

General References:
Gotshall and Laurent, 1979
Harbo, 1999
O'Clair and O'Clair, 1998

Scientific Articles:

Ferguson, John C., 1994.  Madreporite inflow of seawater to maintain body fluids in five species of starfish.  pp. 285-289 in Bruno David, Alain Guille, Jean-Pierre Feral, and Michel Roux (eds).  Echinoderms through time.  Balkema, Rotterdam.

George, S.B., 1994.  Phenotypic plasticity in the larvae of Luidia foliata (Echinodermata: Asteroidea).  pp. 297-307 in Bruno David, Alain Guille, Jean-Pierre Feral, and Michel Roux (eds).  Echinoderms through time.  Balkema, Rotterdam.

Knott, K. Emily, and Gregory A. Wray, 2000. Controversy and consensus in Asteroid systematics: new insights to Ordinal and Familial relationships. American Zoologist 40:3 pp. 382-392


General Notes and Observations:  Locations, abundances, unusual behaviors:


A view of the underside.  Note the long tube feet have no suckers on the end.  Photo by Dave Cowles, July 2000

Authors and Editors of Page:
Dave Cowles (2005):  Created original page